If Native women are constructed as “easy squaws” and are locked into this imagery through the behavior of individuals, they will continue to be rendered worthless in public institutions such as courtrooms or hospitals. If we treat Native women as easy or drunken squaws in the court system, we feed negative stereotypes that will further enable individuals to abuse Native females, and so on. Native female images are part of a viscous cycle that deeply influences the lives of contemporary Native women. We need to get rid of the images, the systems that support them and the abusive practices carried out by individuals (112).10

Colonialism must be understood as the foundation which results in many of the forms of discrimination and disadvantage Aboriginal people (including women) face today.

It is the fact of colonialism that Correctional Services Canada has historically failed to take meaningfully into account including the degree to which colonialism is also gendered.11 One of the clearest examples is that of programming and cultural services. For example, if the tribal identities of women are not taken into account, then Elder services may not reflect accurately the needs of the women. Blackfoot teaching delivered to women housed in Cree territory may not be an appropriate choice.12 As noted previously, CSC does not keep tribal specific statistics. This is indicative of their thinking on “Aboriginal issues”.13 At a minimum, providing relevant programming options is limited because of this missing information.


10.

See also Volume II of the Aboriginal Justice Inquiry of Manitoba where the murder of Helen Betty Osbourne is carefully examined. The Commissioners’ conclude that racism was a key factor in her death.

11.

Advocating a gendered approach to colonialism is not without controversy. This is because such an approach appears to contradict the teachings of Aboriginal nations. As was explained to the Task Force on Federally Sentenced Women:

Our dissatisfaction with the mandate also extends to the artificial (but perhaps necessary) distinction between men and women. As previously discussed in this chapter, Aboriginal culture teaches connection and not separation. Our nations do not separated men from women, although we recognize that each has its own unique roles and responsibilities. The teachings of creation require that only together will the two sexes provide a complete philosophical and spiritual balance. We are nations and that requires the equality of the sexes (22. Emphasis added).

12.

There are Aboriginal laws (specific to the different nations that reside in the territories now called Canada), that govern the conduct of guests in other’s territories. Historically, CSC has not considered these requirements in providing Elder services to prisoners. Some of the difficulties with the provision of services over the years can be traced to this lack of knowledge (and the lack of respect for Indigenous ways).

13.

This is in fact the name of the Aboriginal sector at National Headquarters. To construct the realities of Aboriginal people into a box titled “issues” inappropriately problematizes Aboriginal Peoples. This problematization should be seen as a form of perpetuating discrimination as it results in a form of victim blaming.


Previous Page CAEFS Home Next Page